Last modified: Oct. 9, 2023, 8:17 a.m.
A rare species throughout Belgium.
Native
The mine is in the beginning highly contorted and completely filled with black frass, later on it is straighter and mostly following a vein.
See also bladmineerders.be
Mines can be found from August to November.
Adults are on the wing from spring to the end of July.
Monophagous on Betula.